UTILIZATION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SYSTEMS AS A TOOL TO PROMOTE INNOVATION IN UGANDA’S PUBLIC ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS: A CASE STUDY OF MAKERERE AND KYAMBOGO UNIVERSITIES

Intellectual property (IP) protection is critical for promoting innovation in academic institutions. However, IP awareness and utilization remains low at Uganda's Makerere and Kyambogo Universities despite their strong research and innovation potential. This study assessed the level of IP utilization as a tool for fostering creativity and innovation at these universities. The research employed a quantitative approach, collecting data through surveys of students, staff and alumni. Findings revealed high levels of innovation participation, but very limited IP registration across patents, trademarks, copyrights and industrial designs. Key barriers included lack of knowledge about registration procedures and high associated costs. While general awareness of IP rights was moderately high, specific understanding of application processes was lacking. To address these challenges, the study recommends regular IP awareness campaigns, implementing online registration systems, increasing IP expertise, and providing financial incentives. Integrating IP education in university curricula, establishing technology transfer support, and developing customized IP policies are also proposed. Continuous monitoring of IP performance metrics can help strengthen management practices. Overall, the research highlights the need for concerted efforts to build IP capacity and promote commercialization of academic innovations in Makerere and Kyambogo Universities. Leveraging IP more effectively can contribute to Uganda's transition into a knowledge-based economy driven by science, technology and innovation.